Appendix – 3: Dynasties of Magadha, Regional Ganas, & Textual References

Source: Compiled from the Vishnu Purana (4th Amsa), Srimad Bhagavatam (12th Skandha), Rajarangini, and historical chronologies of ancient Indian dynasties.

I. Chronological Dynasties of Magadha

1. Brihadratha Dynasty (23 Kings — ~1000 Years)

1. Brihadratha (Founder)

2. Jarasandha

3. Sahadeva (Fought in the Mahabharata War)

4. Somapi

5. Shrutasrava

6. Ayutayu

7. Niramitra

8. Sunetra

9. Brihatkarma

10. Senajit (Syenajit)

11. Shrutanjaya

12. Vipra

13. Shuchi

14. Kshemya

15. Suvrata

16. Dharma

17. Sushruta

18. Dridhasena

19. Subala

20. Sunita

21. Satyajit

22. Vishwajit

23. Ripunjaya (Overthrown by minister Munika)

2. Pradyota Dynasty (5 Kings — 138 Years)

24. Pradyota (Son of Munika)

25. Palaka (Balaka)

26. Vishakhayupa

27. Janaka

28. Nandivardhana

3. Shaishunaga Dynasty (10 Kings — 362 Years)

29. Shishunaga (Nandi)

30. Kakavarna

31. Kshemadhanva

32. Kshatrauja

33. Bimbisara (Vidhisara)

34. Ajatashatru

35. Darbhaka (Arbhaka)

36. Udayana

37. Nandivardhana

38. Mahanandi

4. Nanda Dynasty (9 Kings — ~100 Years)

39. Mahapadma Nanda 40–47. Eight Sons of Mahapadma Nanda (including Sumalya and others)

5. Maurya Dynasty (10 Kings — 137 Years)

48. Chandragupta Maurya

49. Bindusara (Note: Modern history texts sometimes confuse Bimbisara of Shaishunaga with Bindusara the Maurya)

50. Ashokavardhana (Ashoka the Great)

51. Suyasha (Kunal)

52. Dasharatha

53. Samyuta (Sangat)

54. Shalishuka

55. Devavarman (Somasharma)

56. Shatadhanvan (Shrutadhanva)

57. Brihadratha (Assassinated by general Pushyamitra Shunga)

6. Shunga Dynasty (10 Kings — 112 Years)

58. Pushyamitra Shunga

59. Agnimitra

60. Vasumitra

61. Sujyeshtha (Udanka)

62. Bhadraka (Pulindaka)

63. Ghoshavasu

64. Vajramitra

65. Bhagavata

66. Devabhuti (Overthrown by Vasudeva Kanva)

7. Kanva Dynasty (4 Kings — 45 Years)

67. Vasudeva Kanva

68. Bhumitra

69. Narayana

70. Susharman

8. Andhra Satavahana Dynasty (30 Kings — 456 Years)

71. Balipuchchhak / Simuka (Andhraraja)

72. Krishna

73. Shantakarni I (Antakarni)

74. Purnotsanga

75. Satakarni II

76. Lambodara

77. Apilaka (Pilaka)

78. Meghavati

79. Patuman

80. Arishtakarna

81. Hala (Halahala)

82. Pattalaka (Palalaka)

83. Pulindasena

84. Sundara Satakarni

85. Shivasvati

86. Gautamiputra Satakarni (Gomali)

87. Ahiman

88. Shantakarni

89. Shivashri Satakarni

90. Shivaskandha

91. Yajnashri Satakarni

92. Vijayanasree (Vijayagna)

93. Chandrashri Satakarni (According to Kota Venkatachalam’s chronology, Chandragupta I and Samudragupta of the Gupta line acted as guardians during his minority; this Chandragupta was contemporary with Alexander’s invasion)

94. Pulomavi (Sulomapi)

II. Regional Dynasties, Clans (Ganas), & Post-Satavahana Rulers

1. Andhrabhrityas (7 Kings)

2. Abhiras (10 Kings)

3. Gardabhinas (10 Kings)

4. Yavanas (8 Kings)

5. Turushkas / Sakas (14 Kings)

6. Mundas (13 Kings) — [Combined rule of clans 1–6 spanned ~1090 Years]

7. Maunas & Kainkilas

8. Vindhyashakti & Vakatakas:

   • Rulers: Vindhyashakti, Puranjaya, Ramachandra, Dharmavarma, Vanga, Nandana, Sunandi, Nandiyasha, Praveera, and their descendants.

9. Bahlikas, Pushyamitras, & Patumitras (13 Kings)

10. Ekalas & Andhras (7 Kings)

11. Naishadha & Vishvasphatika: Established in the Kosala region under Andhra governors.

12. Kaivartas, Patus, Pulindas, & Magadha Dynasties: Rulers across Gaya, Prayaga, and along the banks of the Ganga (Gangatira).

13. Nava Nagas: 9 Naga kings ruling from Padmavati.

14. Devarakshita: Ruled over Kosala, Andhra, Pundra, Tamralipta, and Samatata.

15. Guha Dynasty: Ruled over Kalinga, Mahisha, Mahendra, and Bhauma.

16. Manidhanyaka Successors: Ruled over Naishadha, Naimishaka, and Kalakasaka.

17. Kanakas: Ruled over Trairajya and Mushika kingdoms.

18. Borderland Rulers (Vratyas, Mlechchhas, Shudras, & Ganas): Ruled regions along Sindhu, Darvika, Chandrabhaga, and Kashmir.

III. Textual Citation Index (References)

1. Vishnu Purana: Book 4, Chapter 1 to 24 (Specific slokas in Adhyayas 23 & 24).

2. Fixing the Date of Mahabharata: Dr. E. Vedavyasa (Chapters 6, 7 & Page 163).

3. Agnivamsa Kings & Kali Saka Vignanam: Sri Kota Venkatachalam (Page 20, Chapter 1).

4. History of Indian Mathematics: Shankar Balakrishna Dikshit (Trans. Dr. Remella Avadhanulu, p. 648).

5. Srimad Bhagavatam: Skandha 12, Chapter 2, Sloka 33.

6. Mahabharata Kalanirnayam: Dr. E. Vedavyasa (p. 134).

7. Jyotirvidabharanam: Attributed to Kalidasa (Chapter 20 & 22; Slokas 22:9–10, 22:22).

8. The Lost City of Dvarka: Dr. S.R. Rao.

9. Viswagunadarsha Champu: Venkatadhwari (Slokas 752–762).

10. Skanda Purana: Vaishnava Khanda, Chapter 10.

11. Raghuvamsham: Kalidasa (Cantos 9 to 16).

12. Romila Thapar & D.D. Kosambi Historical Studies: Critical comparative analysis of ancient Indian civilization.

13. Rasayana Vajikarana Tantramulu: Dr. Mallampalli Bhairavamurthy (p. 43).

14. Rajarangini: Kalhana (Tarangas 1, 2, and 3).

15. Sanskrita Vangmaya Charitra: Malladi Suryanarayana Sastri (Vol. 1, p. 48).

16. Purana Tatwadarsanam: M. Madhava Sastry (p. 76).

17. Atharvaveda: Kanda 3, Adhyaya 3, Sukta 12.

18. Mahabharata: Anushasana Parva, Chapter 12, Sloka 5.

IV. Primary Reference Bibliography

1. Sri Vishnu Puranam (Book 4) — Vedavyasa, Gita Press, Gorakhpur (4th Edition, pp. 279–358).

2. Fixing the Date of Mahabharata — Dr. E. Vedavyasa, Sri Vedavyasa Bharati Publications, Hyderabad (1990).

3. Jyotirvidabharanam of Mahakavi Kalidasa — Ed. Telakapalli Viswanatha Sarma, Hyderabad (2010).

4. Kali Saka Vignanam & Agnivamsapu Raajulu — Sri Kota Venkatachalam, Vijayawada (1949/1950).

5. Rajarangini of Kalhana — Govt. Central Book Depot, Mumbai (1892).

6. History of Bharat Across Generations — Romila Thapar, Hyderabad Book Trust (1984).

7. The Culture and Civilisation of Ancient India in Historical Outline — D.D. Kosambi, Telugu Academy, Hyderabad (1998).

8. The Lost City of Dvarka — Shikaripura Ranganatha Rao (S.R. Rao), Aditya Prakashan, New Delhi (1999).

9. History of Indian Mathematics — Shankar Balakrishna Dikshit (Trans. Dr. Remella Avadhanulu, Sri Vedabharati, Vol. 1, 2015).

10. Srimad Bhagavata Mahapurana — Gita Press, Gorakhpur.

11. Viswagunadarsha Champu — Venkatadhwari, R. Venkateswara & Co., Madras (1945).

12. Skanda Puranam (Vaishnava Khandam) — Khemraj Shrikrishnadass / Venkateswara Press, Mumbai (1831).

13. Purana Dig-Darshan / Purana Tatwadarsanamu — M. Madhava Sastry, Jiyyar Integrated Vedic Academy (JIVA), Muchintal (2018).

14. Valmiki Ramayana & Mahabharata — Gita Press, Gorakhpur.